Types of visual improvement operations - Advantages and disadvantages

To date, the problem of visual impairment in different age groups (the rapid development of various ophthalmic diseases) is very acute. Negligence on excessive burden on health and vision organs should be attributed to everything. Computers, tablets, phones, TVs and e-books - all of these things can not only simplify life, but vice versa, hazards.

Fortunately, science is not still, those diseases that have succumbed to treatment, now you can almost eliminate without consequences and complications.

Laser vision correction

Laser vision correction is not only an opportunity to give up glasses and contact lenses, but it is the only effective and safe way to preserve vision in older adults.

Advantages of this program:

• Safety. The possibility of developing severe complications is relatively low.
• The efficiency of any violation. This operation is not only for improving vision and getting rid of the optics. In some cases, laser correction cannot be assigned (this applies to diseases that cause blindness).
• Painless. Before starting the surgery, the patient is buried in visual field anesthetic drugs, so the patient can feel prone to discomfort at certain stages of the surgical intervention.
• Continuity. The process itself can last for a minute, and the main time is to prepare to spend it.
• Short recovery time. In this case, the hospital does not need to design. The procedure is performed in an outpatient setting and patients can go home.
• Stability and predictability. Before a doctor, I almost always knew the effect of the operation. The results lasted for a long time (the exception might be the patient's progressive myopia).

Expert choice and surgical venue are always left behind the patient. The price of this program may vary from the service of a doctor in a private clinic. Their formation is affected by many factors. Therefore, it is worth taking the time to find information and clarify all the issues of interest in advance.

Variety of surgery

There are several correction methods. Each of them has their own strengths and weaknesses. List of types of laser correction:

• laser (subepithelial) keratinic membrane;
• Photo refraction keraectomy;
• Femtosecond lkz.

Photo refraction keraectomy (Federal Immigration Service) was spent decades ago in Germany. Using this procedure, the cornea with a jump laser contacts the cornea. The testimony conducted was astigmatism, myopia and hyperopia.

Photos - The significant drawback of the response keraectomy method is a long and unpleasant recovery period. Similarly, vision does not return immediately after this process, but complications gradually occur. Therefore, they can only appeal if other more modern and effective methods are taboo.

Laser subepithelial corneal cells (Lasek). Unlike previous methods, during the operation, no surface corneal layer occurs, it moves only to the side. The duration of the recovery period is less than that of federal immigration services.

Laser Corneal Cells (LASIK). Currently, this is the safest and most effective way to correct vision. The recovery period is short and vision has improved in the first few hours after the surgery.

Femtsecond LEC (Femo Lasik) is one of the modifications to the LASIK method, which helps achieve perfect results. The risk is reduced, the vision returns, and the recovery period does not last long. Similarly, the method has fewer contraindications than normal laser correction. Even if you suffer from "dry eye syndrome", the surgery can be performed on the patient.

The main method has other modifications. Doctors choose the most relevant method in specific situations.

Adaptations and contraindications

Like any other procedure, laser vision correction has its own indications and contraindications. Instructions are divided into two types: medical and professional.

The medical indication for laser vision correction is that there is such a violation in one eye (another well):

• farsightedness;
• astigmatism;
• Shortsighted.

Professional indications (professional not suitable for wearing lenses or glasses):

• Firefighters;
• police;
• Army;
• People who work in the industry (there are a lot of dust, smoke and other disadvantages there).

Contraindications are relative and absolute. Absolutely including:

• autoimmune pathology;
• Immune deficit;
• Diseases that affect postoperative course and cure rates;
• The patient has only one eye;
• Myopia (progress);
• herpes virus infection;
• retinal detachment;
• Sparseness of the cornea.

List of relative contraindications:

• diabetes;
• Mental illness;
• Breastfeeding pregnancy;
• heart problems in the patient (the presence of pacemaker);
• Ophthalmic diseases of inflammatory nature;
• scars in the cornea (shell);
• Changes in the retina and eyes.

People under the age of 18 are strictly prohibited from performing the surgery. This is due to physiological characteristics (the eyeball is not entirely formed by the eyeball).

Prepare for laser calibration

When the operation to restore vision has been assigned, an ophthalmologist recommends that you perform many tests and follow certain rules. You may also need to consult with other experts: therapists, endocrinologists, cardiologists, etc.

Analysis that must be performed before this procedure:

• General blood tests;
• General urine analysis;
• HIV analysis;
• Analyze syphilis;
• Hepatitis analysis;
• Blood coagulation diagram.

A very important list of recommendations for receiving surgical intervention:

• Stop wearing contact lenses (it is necessary to do this one to two weeks before the surgery);
• Rejection a few days before surgery for alcoholic alcoholic beverages and alcoholic drugs;
• Arrange yourself before the operation;
• Breakfast should be easy on the day of the allocated date;
• It is impossible to apply makeup on the face and perfume before surgery;
• It is necessary to carry it with you and wear it with sunglasses (needed after surgery and during recovery);
• It is recommended to improve the laser vision with his intimacy, they will remember that all doctors’ advice about the postoperative period will help get home and will take care of the patient for the first time.

The implementation of these conditions is very important because the success and final outcome of the program depend on this.

How to execute a program

Almost all types of laser correction are performed in three main stages. If we talk about the most effective, popular and demanding LASIK procedures, here is:

1. The first stage. Lasers or microlayers create flaps on the surface of the cornea and carry them to the sides.
2. The second stage. The corneal shape of the laser beam changes (must correspond to the individual parameters of the patient).
3. The third stage. The flap returns to the starting position and takes up.

Many people have heard that patients have their eyes wide open during the surgery. Sometimes, patients wake up during surgery and may be traumatized. In this case, the eyes are not sealed during the laser correction because the anesthetic fluid is infused before the operation and the operation itself lasts only a few minutes, so such measures are too excessive.

Postoperative period

The postoperative period is performed with each other. However, after laser correction of LASIK, the patient will improve early and will not feel uncomfortable.

After the surgical intervention, it is necessary to clarify all possible complications again, raise exciting questions, and listen to the main suggestions.

A list of approximate actions for the postoperative period (the duration of this period depends on many factors):

• You can only sleep on your back;
• It is necessary to visit the ophthalmologist on the set date.
• After the surgery, it is necessary to wear sunglasses on the street (they protect against dust, infections and small particles in the eyes);
• You cannot touch your hands wherever you operate;
• The prescribed drugs must be used strictly on time and in designated quantities;
• It is best not to wash your hair in the first few days after the operation.
• You can only wash with purification or boiling water;
• For some time, you should give up on the use of care and decorative cosmetics;
• It is important to have moderate physical fatigue over a period of time (the doctor must report the end of the restriction after the examination);
• You cannot visit saunas, swimming pools and other public places where infections can be infected;
• It is necessary to reduce the load on the eyes (refuse to read, watch TV, use mobile phones and tablets for a long time);
• It is strictly prohibited to drive cars after surgery;
• If you feel pain or feel uncomfortable, it is necessary to contact a specialist.

There are some nutritional suggestions. Since laser correction is still surgery, there is some pressure on the body and you need to eat correctly.

As with any other period, food should be useful and contains the necessary vitamins. To improve your eyesight, it is recommended to eat fruits and vegetables rich in vitamins A and C.

For this, they are suitable:

• Fruits and berries: blueberries, apricots, peaches, kiwis, etc. ;
• Vegetables: broccoli, carrot, tomatoes, pumpkin;
• Dairy products (cheese);
• Fish: salmon, mackerel;
• Meat: Chicken, rabbit, Turkey;
• viscera (kidney and liver);
• Egg (yolk).

After the operation, drinking is strictly prohibited and smoking is recommended.If health deteriorates dramatically in the first few weeks after surgery and other medication prescriptions are required, a recent laser correction should be mentioned.

Risks and consequences of operations

Although laser correction does not pose any serious danger in principle, complications can occur in some cases and can lead to less pleasant consequences. The ophthalmologist and patient must be mentioned at the reception, agreeing to the procedure, and must be prepared for possible risks.

A list of possible complications that may occur during the operation:

• The trumpet shell may be clouded;
• Vision may be reduced;
• The image may start twice as often.
• Astigmatism development.

Such problems may arise due to various reasons: doctors lack experience and professionalism, wrongly selected tools or correction methods, technical reasons, etc.

Possible complications after surgery:

• swelling, inflammatory processes, itching, pain and burning;
• Allergic reactions to drugs;
• Lack of improvement or deterioration;
• Blindness (caused by personal intolerance).

Many problems may not happen immediately, but a while after the surgery:

• Recovery of ophthalmic diseases (short-term therapeutic effect);
• Dry eye syndrome;
• Influence the pathological process of the cornea (keratoconus, erosion, etc. ).

The laser correction method has both advantages and disadvantages. Everyone can decide on this program. In some cases, it helps improve quality of life (can walk without glasses and lenses) and can sometimes save on total blindness.

Surgery

Despite the high popularity of laser correction, in some cases you simply cannot do it without other microsurgical operations. They save from blindness in patients with glaucoma, cataracts and various retinal pathology. And has many advantages and disadvantages.

To combat cataracts, operations are performed to remove lenses and their lens replacements. Microsurgery can also deal with retinal diseases. To do this, the doctor is perfectly suited to fabrics (subjects) or to remove scars and fabrics from the vitreous body with signs of pathological changes. Win glaucoma through surgery to restore fluid balance in the organs.

Such procedures (surgical interventions) are widely used: :

• Keratogenesis (through this process, restoring the function and shape of the cornea);
• scleptomy (surgery that helps pause progressive myopia);
• Lens implantation (Fakid): Adjust hyperopia and myopia;
• Vitrectomy (in this process, the pathological process in the retina is eliminated)
• Lensectomy (due to surgery, remove the lens and replace it with an intraocular lens).

Operating ophthalmic interventions can be crazy or superficial. Laser correction refers to the type of surface, as well as the operation of removing striped cataracts.

Surgical interventions were rescued when laser correction was prohibited or severe ophthalmic diseases (cataracts, glaucoma, etc. ).So if the doctor insists exactly on the way to combat the disease, he needs to trust him.

Treatment for ophthalmic diseases is rarely cheap, and this is not because doctors want as much money as possible. This is due to the high cost of materials and equipment for processing. The eternal question is also a decision to choose a clinic: private or state. In this case, it is difficult to guess. Doctors from state clinics may have more experience, he has performed all procedures effectively and confidently, and doctors in private clinics have more successful working conditions (modern equipment). Some doctors work in both private and state clinics, so you don’t need to focus on service prices. The existence of positive comments and suggestions is even more important.